HAZOP

The procedure in the actual study consists of examining the P&IDs, process line by process line looking for inadequacies in design in terms of safety and operability. A checklist of guidewords is to be used for each line to generate deviations that can be expected from normal operation corresponding to all conceivable possibilities.

Typical situations considered during the HAZOP study are:

a) Normal operation.
b) Foreseeable changes in operation e.g. capacity enhancement, reduced through pipeline start-up and shutdown.
c) Suitability of materials, equipment and instrumentation.
d) Failures of services/utilities.
e) Provision for maintenance.